Intestinal parasites- These are eliminations that parasites to the human intestine.It can be a parasite or more at the same time.The more the elminto in the body, the more significant health worsens.For a long time, the existing poliuia leads to a complete exhaustion of the body.Some migratory representatives can clog biliary ducts and cause mechanical jaundice.
List of intestinal parasites
In domestic practice, it is somehow conditionally customary to divide all the eldoles into tropical and non -Frittic.
Tropical parasites are found in countries with the corresponding climate in Africa, in Southeast Asia.These include Schistosomi, Filaria, Wucheria and many others.You can be infected with tropical helminths only in the territory of the corresponding country, tasting local cooking dishes, using water from an unknown water supply source, neglecting the rules of hygiene and hygiene.
The tropical elmintie infection of a healthy person of a sick person is impossible, since some environmental conditions are needed and the body of the intermediate guest to complete the full development cycle.
There are currently over 300 parasites, about 100 are recorded on the European continent.A significant part of their parasite in a person's intestine.
The most common version of the classification of intestinal parasites according to the structure of their body.The following classes are distinguished:
- The Supers (they are also called Trematodi) - have a leaf or oval shape, the main distinctive feature is the presence of windy;
- The tape (they are also called Cestodes) - can reach a significant length (up to several meters);have the shape of a lace or flat ribbon;
- Round (they are also called nematodes) - differ in the corresponding form.
Among the most relevant intestinal human elminties are known:
| Nematodes | Cestodes | Trematatodes |
|
|
|
Each elminto is characterized by the phases of the development and the change of several owners.
Symptoms of intestinal parasites
The clinical manifestations of intestinal elmintiasis have a lot in common, so it is almost impossible to decide the diagnosis before the laboratory exam.In this regard, an acute and chronic form of elmintiasis can be distinguished and describe the appropriate clinical symptoms.
Acute phase
It is characterized by a pronounced general symptoms due to both the action of the parasite itself and the response of the organs and systems of the guest.Among the most significant symptoms:
- subfebral temperature;
- skin eruptions of various intensity and species (spots, papules, less often pustules and bleeding) often in combination with the itching of the skin;
- pain in the muscles and joints of a paid nature;
- swelling of the skin and subcutaneous fat;
- Abdominal syndrome (pain shed in the abdomen, nausea and repeated vomiting, long -term diarrhea without pathological impurities).
The severity of the above clinical characteristics is individual.A person can have a slight malaise and the other has a strong deterioration of the state of health, which cannot go unnoticed.
Chronic phase
It occurs in the absence of adequate treatment.It comes to the limelight (intestinal symptoms) associated with mechanical damage to the intestinal wall.General clinical symptoms are less pronounced.As a result of chronic, there are helminints:
- violation of the absorption of nutrients;
- inhibition of metabolism processes (tiredness, anemia);
- Some helminints cause the formation of non -lasosis.
Spontaneous cure in the phase of the chronic phase of the heeling is almost impossible.
Characteristics of the individual types of Elminties
Only one doctor can take on the development of an olmintiasis.The characteristic clinical characteristics are typical only for some types of helminths.For example:
| Pinworm |
|
| Askarida |
|
| tricinosis |
|
| Anquilostomidosis |
|
| Trichocephaosis | damage to the distal intestine (emocolite); |
| Strong | Atrophy of the mucous membrane of the stomach and the intestine; |
| echinococcus | Mechanical jaundice following the formation of an echinococcal cyst in the gates of the liver; |
| Cat bicom | Enhance of carcinogenesis |
The confirmation of the diagnosis of Elmintosis from one or the other is possible only after a complete examination.
How is the infection and development of the parasite in the body
The infection with intestinal parasites can occur in 2 ways:
- through the skin - the path affected thus called;
- Through dirty hands, badly washed vegetables and fruit, contaminated water and food.
Intestinal parasites, according to their name, do not leave the limits of a person's digestive channel.In the future, the parasite can develop in 2 ways: simple and complex.
With a simple cycle of development from an egg, an elminta that enters the human body, its adult individual develops.The clinical symptoms are due to damage to a particular gastrointestinal department.
With a complex development cycle, a larva is formed by the egg and the parasite is migrated to different organs, which determines the variety of clinical symptoms.
Methods for diagnosing parasitic intestinal diseases
For the diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases of the intestine, it is necessary to consult a specialist of infectious doctor diseases.In large cities there are special medical centers and even fixed departments.
The diagnosis of the elmintic invasion begins with a general clinical blood test: the main distinctive feature is the pronounced eosinophilia - an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood.
Specific research methods are known:
- The parasitological method is the detection of worms in the feces in the patient;For this, a new portion of feces is collected and examined under a microscope;If necessary, a transport environment is used to deliver to the laboratory;
- The serological method is the detection of m -class immunoglobulins (acute phase);
- Instrumental methods (ultrasound, tomography) - with the aim of the differential diagnosis to exclude tumor processes.
The result of a single study is not an independent diagnosis.Only a doctor can evaluate the patient's condition, only a doctor can make a preliminary diagnosis.
Treatment
The therapy of any elmintiasis should be under the doctor's control.The independent use of antigelmic drugs (including prevention) is unacceptable, since most drugs are quite toxic.
A global approach is needed, including dietary feeding, medicines and popular remedies.
Nutrition
There are no rigorous rules that regulate nutrition for elmintiasis.Just follow the rules of the healthy diet:
- Use a sufficient amount of dairy products -caseari with low fat;
- I include a variety of porridge, egg dishes, low -content varieties of fish and meat fat in the diet;
- Abandon alcoholic beverages;
- Reduce or exclude semi -final products, soda water, produced with a high content of preservatives and flavor enhancers;
- All products must be washed carefully (vegetables, fruit, berries), if possible - thermally processed (the bifsteke with blood is not allowed) in order to prevent the re -infection.
When prescribing a particular drug, the doctor will explain individually which products should be limited or completely excluded.
Drugs
In the treatment of elmintie, universal drugs are used that destroy different types of helminths simultaneously.
The duration of the course of the treatment is selected individually.In combination with antiparasite drugs, hepatoptotectors and enterosorbants are used.
Cleaning of worms
The use of some antielminic agents involves its combination with an enema.The enema - a normal cleaning enema - there are no characteristics.Whether it is necessary or not, the doctor decides.
Popular recipes
The effectiveness is doubtful.Among those who are popular, they are known:
- pumpkin seeds;
- alcohol tincture made with non -high walnuts (green);
- Chanterelles alcohol tincture;
- Bait broth made of pine cones.
A combination of popular prescriptions and traditional drugs is quite allowed.
Prevention of parasitic diseases
There are no specific preventions.Given the simplicity and ease of infection, it is very difficult to protect you from the Elmintic invasion.This is necessary:
- Always wash vegetables and fruit, rinse them with boiling water;
- prevent storage in the refrigerator with a series of finished and semi -final products products;
- Mandatory and wash your hands thoroughly;
- Follow the culinary processing rules of the dishes.